现代分析哲学视野中的句本位语法——为纪念黎锦熙先生诞辰120周年而作
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引用本文:杨光荣.现代分析哲学视野中的句本位语法——为纪念黎锦熙先生诞辰120周年而作[J].湖南大学学报社会科学版,2011,(4):65-69
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作者单位
杨光荣 (四川大学 文学与新闻学院四川 成都610064) 
中文摘要:黎锦熙先生的《新著国语文法》及其句本位语法思想,就现代分析哲学的角度来看,仍然具有极其重要的参考价值。黎先生的句本位语法,是从句子这一思想的表象出发,去发现“一种语言底普通规则”,这与现代分析哲学创始人弗雷格的思想十分相似。黎先生的“实体词”与“述说词”的说法,具有较大的普适性,不但适合于汉语这种词根语,而且适合于羌语、却隅语等黏着语。“凡词,依句辨品,离句无品”,是对语言现象的正确描述,是“词性相对论”,它本质上是语义取值问题;以外延词和内涵词、外延词品和内涵词品的原理来阐释词性相对论,不但不觉得该理论没什么不妥,反而觉得它是超越时代的杰出见解。
中文关键词:句本位语法思想  现代分析哲学  词性相对论  外延词  内涵词
 
Sentence based Grammar in the Perspective of Modern Analytical Philosophy——To the 120th Anniversary of Mr. Li Jinxi’s Birth
Abstract:From the perspective of modern analytical philosophy, Mr. Li Jinxi’s “Lasted Book on Chinese Grammar” and his theory on the sentence based grammar are still of an important referential value. From sentence, the representation of thought, Mr. Li’s sentence based grammar tries to find a “common rule of languages”, which is quite similar to the theory of Frege, founder of modern analytical philosophy. Mr. Li’s concept of “notional word” and “function word” has a great universality, which is not only suitable for Chinese, one of atomic languages, but also applies to Qiang Language and Queyu Language, which belong to agglutinative languages. “All words can only have parts of speech in sentences, and they’ll lose their parts of speech if they are separated from sentences”, this is a correct description on language phenomenon; it’s a “Relativism on part of speech”, and it’s essentially a problem concerning semantic sampling; it interprets the Relativism on part of speech with the principle of denotative word and connotative word, as well as denotative part of speech and connotative part of speech, which is felt as an outstanding opinion ahead of its time, instead of an inappropriate one.
keywords:Theory on the sentence based grammar  modern analytical philosophy  Relativism on part of speech  denotative word  connotative word
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