我国粮食生产中化肥投入的环境成本研究

赵志坚; 胡小娟

我国粮食生产中化肥投入的环境成本研究

引用本文：赵志坚，胡小娟.我国粮食生产中化肥投入的环境成本研究[J].湖南大学学报社会科学版,2013,(6):52-56

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作者	单位
赵志坚，胡小娟	（1.湖南大学工商管理学院湖南长沙410079；2.湖南大学经济与贸易学院湖南长沙410079）

中文摘要:施用化肥对我国粮食安全起到了重要的保障作用，然而，用于粮食生产的化肥施用量在不断增加的同时也带来了环境污染问题。文章采用1983-2010年的数据，运用比较法和计量模型分析了我国粮食生产中化肥投入对环境所产生的影响。结果显示：化肥施用量以年均4.57%的速度增长，是粮食增速的3.52倍；单位面积粮食产出的化肥投入边际效用以年均1.58%的速度降低；粮食化肥施用的环境成本以年均7.4%的速度增长；化肥使用量每增加一个百分点，粮食产量增加0.32个百分点，化肥施用的环境成本增加1.74个百分点。最后，针对粮食生产中化肥投入的环境污染问题提出了对策建议。

中文关键词:粮食产出化肥投入环境成本

Research on Environmental Cost of Fertilizer Inputs in Chinese Grain Production

Abstract:The use of chemical fertilizers plays an important role in guaranteeing food security in our country. However, while the fertilizers application for food production is continuously rising, it also causes even more severe environmental problems. By applying the comparative method, econometric model and energy analysis theory, the paper adopts the 2004-2008 data in order to analyze the environmental impact of fertilizers input in food production. It finds that the quantity of chemical fertilizers grows by 4.57 percent a year, which is 3.52 times of food growth rate; The marginal efficiency of fertilizers input of grain productivity per unit area reduces by 1.58 percent a year; The environmental cost of fertilizers input increases by 7.4 percent a year; An increase in the fertilizers application amount by 1 percent increases grain output by 0.32 percent and the environmental cost of fertilizers input by 1.74 percent. Then, it analyzes environmental problems caused by fertilizers input for guaranteeing food security and put forward propositions for better performance.

keywords:grain output fertilizers input environmental cost

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