| 环境犯罪主体处罚范围的厘定——以中立帮助行为理论为视角 |
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| 引用本文：陈洪兵.环境犯罪主体处罚范围的厘定——以中立帮助行为理论为视角[J].湖南大学学报社会科学版,2017,(6):146-154 |
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| 中文摘要:中立帮助行为理论，可以为限制环境犯罪中共犯的成立范围以及单位犯罪中直接责任人员的处罚范围提供理论支撑。应否作为犯罪主体进行处罚，应考虑是否属于正当的业务行为、对犯罪支配的程度、法定刑的轻重、违法性总量大小、期待可能性高低以及预防犯罪的必要性大小等因素。受雇（聘）在污染企业中从事生产、加工、排污的普通职工的行为，由于通常具有业务中立性，期待可能性较小，一般不值得处罚；受雇运输倾倒危险废物的，通常应作为犯罪处理；出租场地、设备的，不值得处罚；只有实际管控企业的投资者，才应承担刑事责任；在非法采矿中受雇驾船、开机器、采矿、记账的人员，不值得科处刑罚；除盗伐林木外，受雇采伐林木的行为不值得评价为犯罪；受雇非法捕捞水产品、狩猎的，不值得科处刑罚，但明知可能属于珍贵、濒危野生动物仍受雇猎捕、杀害的，可能成立共犯。 |
| 中文关键词:环境犯罪 单位犯罪 共犯 中立帮助行为 污染环境罪 |
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| Determination of the Scope of Punishment of the Subject of Environmental Crime——A Perspective of Neutral Help Behavior Theory |
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| Abstract:Neutral help behavior theory can provide theoretical support for limiting the scope of the establishment of an accomplice in environmental crime and the scope of punishment for directly responsible persons in unit crime.Whether it should be punished as a criminal subject，the judges should consider whether it is a legitimate business behavior，the degree of domination of the crime，the severity of statutory punishment，the total amount of illegality，the degree of expected possibility，the necessity of crime prevention and other factors.Employed ordinary workers’ behavior in the polluting enterprises engaged in the production，processing，sewage，because it is usually with business neutrality and the degree of expected possibility is lower，generally is not worth the punishment； transporting and dumping hazardous wastes should normally be dealt with as a crime；rental space or equipment is not worthy of punishment；only the investors who actually control the corporation should bear the criminal responsibility；those who are employed in illegal mining for driving，opening machines，mining and accounting are not worthy of punishment；in addition to stealing trees，the workers’behavior employed to harvest trees is not worth the crime；illegal hunting of aquatic products and hunting are not worthy of punishment，but knowing that may belong to the precious，endangered wild animals and still being hired for hunting and killing，may set up an accomplice. |
| keywords:environmental crime unit crime complicity neutral help behavior environmental pollution crime |
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