清初普陀山的易律为禅与谱系书写
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引用本文:李 伟.清初普陀山的易律为禅与谱系书写[J].湖南大学学报社会科学版,2019,(6):119-124
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作者单位
李 伟 (湖南大学 岳麓书院湖南 长沙 410082) 
中文摘要:普陀山是中国佛教四大名山之一,历来认为其佛教宗派在清初经历了改律为禅的变化。实际上史料中存在着大量与此矛盾的表述,今日这种习以为常的认知,是清初禅宗法脉入山后宗派意识凸显下的一种建构,此前该山并不属律宗。由于不属法统的原剃度派僧人仍在两寺之中,编修《普陀山志》的儒家士人需要考虑如何处理两者之间的关系,于是援引《宋史》中《道学》《儒林》两传分立的体例,将其谱系记载分为《法统》《释系》两部分,并确定了《法统》居于《释系》之上的基调。一般认为,儒家道统之说源自禅宗传灯观念,山志的处理办法反映的则是儒家对普陀山佛教的资源回馈。时过境迁,纂修山志的儒家士人对此已不甚明了。对清初普陀山易律为禅与宗派书写过程加以考察,有利于反思佛教史上已有的种种表述、话语。
中文关键词:普陀山  易律为禅  法统  清代
 
Research on Putuo Mountain from Vinaya to Chan and its Writing about Lineages
Abstract:The Putuo Mountain is one of the four Buddhist shrines of China. It was generally acknowledged that the two monasteries in Putuo Mountain were changed from Vinaya to Chan in the early years of the Qing Dynasty. However,many contradictory facts in historical records were neglected. The traditional view about two monasteries’s sect was wrong,it was the product of sectarian consciousness after the Chan Transmission’s introduction to Putuo Mountain. Then, Putuo Mountain’s Monks were divided into two categories when Confucians were editing Putuo Mountain’s local gazetteer ,one was Transmission lineages,the other was Shixi. The transmission lineages were higher-ranking. This method came from Song Shi,in this book, Confucians were divided into two categories, one is Daoxuezhuan,the other was Rulinzhuan. The Confucian Orthodoxy often was considered to come from the concept of Chan’s Chuandeng,but the two categories in Putuo Mountain local gazetteer should be seen as Confucianism's contribution to Putuo Mountain’s Buddhism.The research on these issues will provide a deeper reflection on the narration in the History of Buddhism.
keywords:Putuo Mountain  from Vinaya to Chan  transmission lineages  Qing Dynasty
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