主体的构建：吴趼人小说中的“怪现状”与“文明境界”

晋海学; 张 璐

主体的构建：吴趼人小说中的“怪现状”与“文明境界”

引用本文：晋海学，张璐.主体的构建：吴趼人小说中的“怪现状”与“文明境界”[J].湖南大学学报社会科学版,2022,(5):104-111

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作者	单位
晋海学，张璐	（河南师范大学文学院，河南新乡 453007）

中文摘要:吴趼人的大部分小说都是围绕“恢复我固有之道德”的文化主张而展开的，“怪现状”与“文明境界”是这一文化主张具有标识性的两个体现者。“怪现状”现象是清末社会的文化写真，小说家通过“固有之道德”这一装置，揭示了儒家文化在清末衰落的事实，构成了“恢复”儒家文化主体性的逻辑起点。“文明境界”是对未来国家的文化想象，小说家通过对道德昌盛与科技发达融合的叙述，表达了新主体的文化内容及其生成过程。吴趼人小说中的“怪现状”与“文明境界”主题都具有即物的品格，但是所呈现出来的意义却是形而上的。

中文关键词:主体吴趼人恢复我固有之道德怪现状文明境界

Construction of Subjectivity: “Strange Status Quo” and “Civilized Realm” in Wu Jianren’s Novels

Abstract:Most of Wu Jianren’s novels centered on the cultural proposition of “restoring our inherent morality”. The “strange status quo” and “civilized realm” are the two symbolic manifestations of this cultural proposition. The phenomenon of “strange status quo” is a cultural portrait of the society in the late Qing Dynasty. The novelist revealed the fact of the declination of Confucian culture in the late Qing Dynasty through the device of “inherent morality”, which constitutes the logical starting point of “restoring” Confucian cultural subjectivity. The “civilized realm” is the cultural imagination of the future country. The novelist expresses the cultural content of the new subject and its generation process through the narration of the integration of moral prosperity and technological development. Both themes of “strange status quo” and “civilized realm” in the Wu’s novels have the quality of being material, but their presented meaning is metaphysical.

keywords:subjectivity Wu Jianren restore our inherent morality strange status quo civilized realm

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