| 传统儒家人—物役用关系的多元诠释及其现代价值——以“络马首，穿牛鼻”问题为中心 |
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| 引用本文：叶 达.传统儒家人—物役用关系的多元诠释及其现代价值——以“络马首，穿牛鼻”问题为中心[J].湖南大学学报社会科学版,2024,(1):22-28 |
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| 中文摘要:“络马首，穿牛鼻”是《庄子》表达其天人之思的基础问题。在儒家系统中，这一问题被转换为“服牛乘马”问题，其诠释过程呈现出思想发展的内在互动和多元演化。先秦两汉，儒家“圣人说”与“受命说”奠定了人—物关系的权威秩序，赋予人与马、牛役用关系的现实合理性。宋明时期，儒家“天理自合如此说”“用物之道说”建构出人—物役用关系的新论述，背后则是本体论、工夫论和价值论互嵌交织的深层结构。近代以来，随着中西文明交汇碰撞，儒家开始从社会发展的宏观视域重新审视自然与技术关系，“络马穿牛”问题背后的人—物役用关系亦被纳入其中进行反思与新诠。“络马穿牛”以及“服牛乘马”问题既是观察儒学及中国传统思想发展的重要视角，也是彰显中华优秀传统文化生态智慧的人文窗口。 |
| 中文关键词:络马穿牛 服牛乘马 传统儒家 役用关系 |
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| Multi-Interpretations of the Working Relationship between Man and Nature from Traditional Confucianism and Its Modern Value ——On the Question of Reining the Horse and Piercing Cattle’s Nose |
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| Abstract:Chuang Tzu raises such a question: Does reining the horse and piercing cattle’s nose accord with the nature of cattle and horse? Through which Chuang Tzu expresses the reflection on the relationship between nature and man. In Confucianism, this question is sometimes referred to as “putting the cow and horse to work” ．The interpretations of this question present the internal interaction and diverse evolution of the development process of thoughts. In the period from the Pre-Qin to Han Dynasty, there are two perspectives, one is “from sage” and the other is “from the god”. Both of them establish the authoritative order of the relationship between man and nature, and give people the realistic rationality of making horse and cow work. In the period from the Song to Ming Dynasties, Confucian viewpoints as “from the principle of nature” and “application method” construct the theoretical edifice of human and nature’s servitude relationship, behind which are ontology, the theory of cultivation and axiology, interweaving with each other to form a close structure. Since modern times, with the intensification of the collision between Chinese and Western civilizations, Confucianism began to re-examine the relationship between nature and technology from the macro perspective of social development. Through this perspective, the relationship between man and nature hidden by the question of “reining the horse and piercing cattle’s nose” has been rethought. “reining the horse and piercing cattle’s nose” and “putting the cow and horse to work” is not only an important perspective of observing the development of Confucianism and Chinese traditional thought, but also a cultural window to highlight the ecological wisdom of excellent traditional Chinese culture. |
| keywords:reining the horse and piercing cattle’s nose putting the cow work and riding the horse traditional Confucianism relations in working |
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