| 美国数字技术出口管制的内在逻辑及其批判 |
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| 引用本文：漆彤.美国数字技术出口管制的内在逻辑及其批判[J].湖南大学学报社会科学版,2025,(3):114-121 |
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| 中文摘要:数字技术正在引领新一轮科技革命和产业变革，数字技术竞争已成为大国博弈的政策焦点。美国数字技术出口管制的霸权、国家安全以及人权逻辑，均存在难以自圆其说的悖论之处。美国的数字技术“排他性”发展战略，加剧了全球分化对立，阻碍了科技进步。美国泛化国家安全概念行保护主义之实，不符合WTO最惠国待遇、普遍取消数量限制等重要原则，也不符合安全例外条款的援引条件。美国在“数字人权”问题上的双重标准，违背了全球数字经济发展的公平竞争原则和开放共享精神，不利于消除数字鸿沟和数字经济发展不平衡。各国可从技术和规则两个层面上弱化对美国数字霸权的依附关系，促进国际法发展以澄清数字技术出口管制的合法性边界，增强互信和治理能力以实现世界数字体系中的共享、共治和共赢。 |
| 中文关键词:数字技术 出口管制 数字霸权 国家安全 数字人权 |
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| The Inner Logic and Critique of US Digital Technology Export Control |
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| Abstract:The digital technology is leading a new wave of technological revolution and industrial transformation，with digital technology competition emerging as the pivotal policy focus in great power rivalries. The hegemonic，national security，and human rights rationales behind US digital technology export control contain inherent paradoxes that are challenging to reconcile. The US’s “exclusive” digital technology development strategy has intensified global division and opposition, and impeded technological advancement. The US abuses national security concepts as a pretext for protectionism，contradicting key WTO principles such as MFN treatment and the rule of general crimination of quantitative restrictions. This approach also fails to meet the criteria for invoking security exception clauses. The US’s double standards on the issue of “digital human rights” undermine the principles of fair competition and open sharing in the global digital economy development，hindering efforts to bridge the digital divide and address imbalances in digital economic development. Countries can reduce their reliance on US digital hegemony through technological and regulatory measures，advance the development of international law to clarify the legal boundaries of digital technology export control，and strengthen mutual trust and governance capabilities to foster sharing, co-governance，and mutual benefit in the global digital system. |
| keywords:digital technology export control digital hegemony national security digital human rights |
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