| 北宋科举制度与启文写作 |
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| 引用本文：马自力1,2，刘创1.北宋科举制度与启文写作[J].湖南大学学报社会科学版,2025,(4):99-106 |
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| 中文摘要:北宋科举制度之下的启文写作是士人重视的礼节习尚。登科及第的举子常作谢启奉送考官与执政名公，复启为接受者对投启者的回复，皆以恭贺为本。北宋举业启文的本质是士人获取社会资本的工具：呈递考官的启文为士人获取了仕途最初的社会资本，而奉送先达名公则扩大了社会资本的范围，复启亦为写作者建立新交际圈层提供了可能。举业启文拥有统一的文本样态，而选贤纳士、仕进心迹、崇奖乐进分别为破题、自叙、颂德的主要内容。制度的变革催动启文进行文本内部的更新，主题之变与语辞生新正是科举制度引发举业启文新变的结果。 |
| 中文关键词:北宋启文 科举制度 创作风尚 文体风貌 文体革新 |
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| The Imperial Examination System of the Northern Song Dynasty and the Writing of Qiwen |
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| Abstract:Under the imperial examination system of the Northern Song Dynasty，the writing of Qiwen became a ritual fashion valued by scholars. Successful candidates in the imperial examination often composed Xieqi （the thank-you note） to present to the examiners and influential officials in power，while Fuqi were responses from the recipients to the senders of Qiwen，and their content was fundamentally based on congratulations. The essence of Qiwen under the imperial examination system of the Northern Song Dynasty was a tool for the scholars to obtain social capital：Qiwen submitted to examiners helped scholars obtain the initial social capital at the beginning of their official careers，while those presented to eminent predecessors further expanded the scope of their social capital. Additionally，Fuqi provided possibilities for writers to forge new social networks. Qiwen for the imperial examination system had a unified textual style，with the main content of the opening statement，self narration，and praising virtues being the selection of talented individuals，the pursuit of officialdom，and the advocation for recommending talents. The reform of the system prompted Qiwen to update its internal text，including the changes of themes and the innovation of language and vocabulary，which were precisely the results of the new changes in Qiwen triggerd by the imperial examination system. |
| keywords:Qiwen of the Northern Song Dynasty imperial examination system creative fashion style features style innovation |
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