以DeepSeek为代表的生成式人工智能信息证据能力问题研究
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引用本文:韩旭.以DeepSeek为代表的生成式人工智能信息证据能力问题研究[J].湖南大学学报社会科学版,2025,(4):131-139
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作者单位
韩旭 (四川大学 法学院四川 成都 610207) 
中文摘要:以DeepSeek为代表的生成式人工智能技术通过深度学习和大数据分析,实现了多种形式的内容生成,可以考虑这些内容在刑事诉讼中运用的可能性,核心问题是该类信息的证据能力即证据资格问题。生成式人工智能生成的信息在某些情况下可以作为诉讼证据,但需满足可靠性、相关性、合法性等条件。DeepSeek应用时间短,技术条件尚不成熟,可靠性有待加强,应谨慎对待其生成的信息。生成式人工智能具有提升证据处理效率、拓展证据类型、支持客观事实认定等方面的优势,同时潜藏着真实性验证、算法透明性、隐私保护和技术不成熟等方面的风险,这也为判断其证据能力提出了挑战。结合欧盟《人工智能法案》、美国《人工智能风险管理框架》等域外经验,我国应构建技术可信机制、完善证据规则体系和提升法官能力,以应对AI技术发展带来的挑战。
中文关键词:生成式人工智能  DeepSeek  刑事诉讼  证据能力  技术可信性
 
A Study on the Evidentiary Admissibility of the Information on Generative AI Represented by DeepSeek
Abstract:Generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies, represented by DeepSeek, enable content generation in various forms through deep learning and big data analysis. This raises the possibility of utilizing such content in criminal proceedings, with the core issue being the evidentiary capacity (i.e., admissibility) of such information. While information generated by Generative AI may serve as litigation evidence under certain circumstances, it must meet requirements such as reliability, relevance, and legality. As DeepSeek has been applied for a short period, its technical maturity remains insufficient, and its reliability requires further validation. Therefore, caution should be exercised in treating its outputs as litigation evidence. Generative AI offers advantages in improving evidence-processing efficiency, expanding evidence types, and supporting objective fact-finding. However, it also poses the risks related to authenticity verification, algorithmic transparency, privacy protection, and technical immaturity, which present challenges in determining its evidentiary capacity. Drawing on international experiences such as the EU Artificial Intelligence Act and the U.S. AI Risk Management Framework, this study proposes building a technology credibility mechanism, refining evidence rule systems, and enhancing judicial capabilities to address challenges posed by advancing AI technologies.
keywords:Generative Artificial Intelligence  DeepSeek  criminal proceedings  evidentiary capacity  technical credibility
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