| 延迟退休政策对我国青年就业的影响研究——基于老年就业参与的分析视角 |
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| 引用本文：王丹,罗章松.延迟退休政策对我国青年就业的影响研究——基于老年就业参与的分析视角[J].湖南大学学报社会科学版,2025,(6):53-62 |
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| 中文摘要:以2013—2023年《中国人口和就业统计年鉴》中19个行业门类的青年人、老年人的就业数据为样本，实证研究了延迟退休政策对我国青年就业的影响效应及作用机制。研究发现：老年就业参与率对青年就业参与率存在挤出效应，且这种挤出效应对20—24岁青年人的影响最为显著。男性老年就业参与率提升会在一定程度上抑制男性青年就业参与率，女性老年就业参与率提升会在一定程度上抑制女性青年就业参与率。老年就业参与率提升会挤占青年就业机会进而降低青年就业参与率，同时也会提高行业平均薪资进而降低青年就业参与率。对此，我国应鼓励青年创新创业，以创业带动就业；强化青年就业保障，完善失业救济体系；增加关键领域和新兴行业的就业岗位。 |
| 中文关键词:延迟退休 人口老龄化 青年人 老年人 就业 |
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| A Study on the Impact of the Delayed Retirement Policy on Youth Employment in China—From the Perspective of Senior Employment Participation |
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| Abstract:Taking the employment data of young and elderly people in 19 industry categories from China Population & Employment Statistical Yearbook between 2013—2023 as the sample，this paper studies the impact and mechanism of the delayed retirement policy on the youth employment participation rate in China. The study found that the employment participation rate of the elderly has a crowding-out effect on that of the youth，and it is most significant for young people aged 20—24. The increase in the employment participation rate of elderly males will inhibit the employment participation rate of young males to a certain extent；the increase of the employment participation rate of elderly females will inhibit female youth employment participation rate to a certain extent. An increase in the employment participation rate of elderly will crowd out youth employment opportunities and also raise the average salary in the industry, thereby lowering the youth employment participation rate. In this regard，China should encourage youth innovation and entrepreneurship to drive employment through entrepreneurship；youth employment security should be strengthened and unemployment relief system should be improved；and jobs in key areas and emerging industries should be expanded. |
| keywords:delayed retirement population ageing young people older people employment |
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