| 从“廊庙清议”到“国民公器”：梁启超与中国报刊论政观念的现代范式转型 |
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| 引用本文：李滨，王禹洁.从“廊庙清议”到“国民公器”：梁启超与中国报刊论政观念的现代范式转型[J].湖南大学学报社会科学版,2025,(6):170-176 |
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| 中文摘要:传统清议依托儒家“道统”构建政治参与范式，但其具有制度依附性与道德化言说特质，导致出现监督权力虚置、政论浅表化等困境。梁启超通过嫁接卢梭社会契约理论与密尔自由思想，在法理层面以“委托-代理”关系重构监督权宪政根基，确立报刊作为国民代表者的独立地位。在制度层面构建立法、司法与舆论监督的三维制衡体系，推动政治言说从道德规劝转向制度批判。在实践层面创建“五本八德”专业化言论生产机制，将知识精英使命升华为启蒙大众的公共责任。这种以“健全舆论”为核心的范式革命，既突破了传统清议“廊庙奏对”的封闭性，又为现代民主政治培育了公共话语空间。梁启超的思想遗产亦为当下数字时代公共话语伦理的重塑提供了历史坐标系。 |
| 中文关键词:梁启超 传统清议 国民公器 报刊论政 |
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| From “Langmiao Qingyi” to “Public Instrument of the Nation”: Liang Qichao and the Modern Paradigm Shift in the Concept of Political Commentaries in Chinese Newspapers |
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| Abstract:Principled criticisms relied on the Confucian “Dao Tong” to construct the paradigm of political participation，but its institutional dependence and moral speaking characteristics led to the virtual supervision power and superficial political comments. By grafting Rousseau’s social contract theory and John Stuart Milll’s freedom thought，Liang Qichao reconstructed the constitutional foundation of the supervision power with the “principal-agent”relationship at the legal level，and established the independent status of the press as the national representative. Constructed a three-dimensional balance system of legislation，judiciary，and public opinion supervision at the institutional level，promoted the shift of political discourses from moral persuasion to institutional criticisms. He created a specialized speech production mechanism of “Five Essences and Eight Virtues”at the practical level，and elevated the mission of knowledge elites to a public responsibility of enlightening the masses. This paradigm revolution with“sound public opinion”as the core not only breaks through the closed nature of Qingyi tradition，but also cultivates public discourse space for modern democratic politics. Liang Qichao’s ideological heritage also provides a historical coordinate system for the remodeling of public discourse ethics in the current digital age． |
| keywords:Liang Qichao principled criticism public instrument of the nation political commentaries in newspapers |
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